Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq
Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq (died c. 796 AD) was an 8th-century Persian astronomer and mathematician who lived in Baghdad.
Works
Works ascribed to Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq include:[1]
- Zīj maḥlūl fī al‐Sindhind li‐daraja daraja ("Astronomical tables in the Sindhind resolved for each degree"),
- Tarkīb al‐aflāk ("Arrangement of the orbs"),
- Kitāb al‐ʿilal ("Rationales"),
- Taqṭīʿkardajāt al‐jayb ("Distribution of the kardajas of the sine"), and
- Mā irtafaʿa min qaws niṣf al‐nahār ("Elevation along the arc of the meridian").
An astrological work called Al‐maqālāt (Chapters) is also ascribed to him by an unreliable source.[1]
The Zīj, written around 770, was based on a Sanskrit work,[1] thought to be similar to the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta.[2] This work was brought to the court of al-Mansūr from Sindh,[2] reportedly by an Sindhi astronomer named Kankah.[3]
The Tarkīb al‐aflāk dealt with cosmography, that is, the placement and sizes of the heavenly bodies.[1] Its estimates of the sizes and distances of the heavenly bodies were tabulated in al-Bīrūnī's work on India; according to him, Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq gave the radius of the Earth as 1,050 farsakhs, the diameter of the Moon and Mercury as 5,000 farsakhs (4.8 Earth radii), and the diameter of the other heavenly bodies (Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) as 20,000 farsakhs (19.0 Earth radii.)[4]
Notes
- ^ a b c d Plofker
- ^ a b Pingree, p. 97
- ^ Kennedy 1956, p. 134, 71
- ^ Pingree, pp. 105–106
Further reading
- Hogendijk, Jan P. (1988). "New Light on the Lunar Crescent Visibility Table of Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 47 (2): 95. doi:10.1086/373260. JSTOR 544381.
- Kennedy, E. S. (1956). "A Survey of Islamic Astronomical Tables". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 46 (2): 123–177. JSTOR 1005726.
- Kennedy, E. S. (1968). "The Lunar Visibility Theory of Yaʿqūb Ibn Ṭāriq". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 27 (2): 126. doi:10.1086/371945. JSTOR 543759.
- Pingree, David (1968). "The Fragments of the Works of Yaʿqūb Ibn Ṭāriq". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 27 (2): 97. doi:10.1086/371944. JSTOR 543758.
- Pingree, David (1976). "Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq". In Gillispie, Charles Coulston. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 14. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 546. ISBN 0-684-16962-2.
- Plofker, Kim (2007). "Yaʿqūb ibn Ṭāriq". The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Ed. Thomas Hockey et al. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. pp. 1250–1251. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-30400-7_1512.
- Sezgin, Fuat (1978). Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. Vol. 6, Astronomie, pp. 124–127. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
- Steinschneider, Moritz (1870). "Zur Geschichte der Uebersetzungen aus dem Indischen in's Arabische und ihres Einflusses aus die arabische Literatur". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 24: 332. http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/dmg/periodical/titleinfo/21506.
- Suter, Heinrich (1900). Die Mathematiker und Astronomer der Araber. p. 4.
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Yaqub Tariq |
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Persian scholar |
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796 |
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